Chapter XI

Oliver Twist

by Charles Dickens

Treats of Mr. Fang the Police Magistrate; and Furnishes a Slight
Specimen of His Mode of Administering Justice

The offence had been committed within the district, and indeed
in the immediate neighborhood of, a very notorious metropolitan
police office. The crowd had only the satisfaction of accompanying
Oliver through two or three streets, and down a place called Mutton
Hill, when he was led beneath a low archway, and up a dirty court,
into this dispensary of summary justice, by the back way. It was a
small paved yard into which they turned; and here they encountered a
stout man with a bunch of whiskers on his face, and a bunch of keys
in his hand.

'What's the matter now?' said the man carelessly.

'A young fogle-hunter,' replied the man who had Oliver in
charge.

'Are you the party that's been robbed, sir?' inquired the man
with the keys.

'Yes, I am,' replied the old gentleman; 'but I am not sure that
this boy actually took the handkerchief. I--I would rather not press
the case.'

'Must go before the magistrate now, sir,' replied the man. 'His
worship will be disengaged in half a minute. Now, young gallows!'

This was an invitation for Oliver to enter through a door which
he unlocked as he spoke, and which led into a stone cell. Here he
was searched; and nothing being found upon him, locked up.

This cell was in shape and size something like an area cellar,
only not so light. It was most intolably dirty; for it was Monday
morning; and it had been tenanted by six drunken people, who had been
locked up, elsewhere, since Saturday night. But this is little. In
our station-houses, men and women are every night confined on the
most trivial charges--the word is worth noting--in dungeons, compared
with which, those in Newgate, occupied by the most atrocious felons,
tried, found guilty, and under sentence of death, are palaces. Let
any one who doubts this, compare the two.

The old gentleman looked almost as rueful as Oliver when the key
grated in the lock. He turned with a sigh to the book, which had
been the innocent cause of all this disturbance.

'There is something in that boy's face,' said the old gentleman
to himself as he walked slowly away, tapping his chin with the cover
of the book, in a thoughtful manner; 'something that touches and
interests me. Can he be innocent? He looked like--Bye the bye,'
exclaimed the old gentleman, halting very abruptly, and staring up
into the sky, 'Bless my soul!--where have I seen something like that
look before?'

After musing for some minutes, the old gentleman walked, with
the same meditative face, into a back anteroom opening from the yard;
and there, retiring into a corner, called up before his mind's eye a
vast amphitheatre of faces over which a dusky curtain had hung for
many years. 'No,' said the old gentleman, shaking his head; 'it must
be imagination.

He wandered over them again. He had called them into view, and
it was not easy to replace the shroud that had so long concealed
them. There were the faces of friends, and foes, and of many that
had been almost strangers peering intrusively from the crowd; there
were the faces of young and blooming girls that were now old women;
there were faces that the grave had changed and closed upon, but
which the mind, superior to its power, still dressed in their old
freshness and beauty, calling back the lustre of the eyes, the
brightness of the smile, the beaming of the soul through its mask of
clay, and whispering of beauty beyond the tomb, changed but to be
heightened, and taken from earth only to be set up as a light, to
shed a soft and gentle glow upon the path to Heaven.

But the old gentleman could recall no one countenance of which
Oliver's features bore a trace. So, he heaved a sigh over the
recollections he awakened; and being, happily for himself, an absent
old gentleman, buried them again in the pages of the musty book.

He was roused by a touch on the shoulder, and a request from the
man with the keys to follow him into the office. He closed his book
hastily; and was at once ushered into the imposing presence of the
renowned Mr. Fang.

The office was a front parlour, with a panelled wall. Mr. Fang
sat behind a bar, at the upper end; and on one side the door was a
sort of wooden pen in which poor little Oliver was already deposited;
trembling very much at the awfulness of the scene.

Mr. Fang was a lean, long-backed, stiff-necked, middle-sized
man, with no great quantity of hair, and what he had, growing on the
back and sides of his head. His face was stern, and much flushed.
If he were really not in the habit of drinking rather more than was
exactly good for him, he might have brought action against his
countenance for libel, and have recovered heavy damages.

The old gentleman bowed respectfully; and advancing to the
magistrate's desk, said suiting the action to the word, 'That is my
name and address, sir.' He then withdrew a pace or two; and, with
another polite and gentlemanly inclination of the head, waited to be
questioned.

Now, it so happened that Mr. Fang was at that moment perusing a
leading article in a newspaper of the morning, adverting to some
recent decision of his, and commending him, for the three hundred and
fiftieth time, to the special and particular notice of the Secretary
of State for the Home Department. He was out of temper; and he
looked up with an angry scowl.

'Who are you?' said Mr. Fang.

The old gentleman pointed, with some surprise, to his card.

'Officer!' said Mr. Fang, tossing the card contemptuously away
with the newspaper. 'Who is this fellow?'

'My name, sir,' said the old gentleman, speaking like a
gentleman, 'my name, sir, is Brownlow. Permit me to inquire the name
of the magistrate who offers a gratuitous and unprovoked insult to a
respectable person, under the protection of the bench.' Saying this,
Mr. Brownlow looked around the office as if in search of some person
who would afford him the required information.

'Officer!' said Mr. Fang, throwing the paper on one side,
'what's this fellow charged with?'

'He's not charged at all, your worship,' replied the officer.
'He appears against this boy, your worship.'

His worshp knew this perfectly well; but it was a good
annoyance, and a safe one.

'Appears against the boy, does he?' said Mr. Fang, surveying Mr.
Brownlow contemptuously from head to foot. 'Swear him!'

'Before I am sworn, I must beg to say one word,' said Mr.
Brownlow; 'and that is, that I really never, without actual
experience, could have believed--'

'Hold your tongue, sir!' said Mr. Fang, peremptorily.

'I will not, sir!' replied the old gentleman.

'Hold your tongue this instant, or I'll have you turned out of
the office!' said Mr. Fang. 'You're an insolent impertinent fellow.
How dare you bully a magistrate!'

'What!' exclaimed the old gentleman, reddening.

'Swear this person!' said Fang to the clerk. 'I'll not hear
another word. Swear him.'

Mr. Brownlow's indignaton was greatly roused; but reflecting
perhaps, that he might only injure the boy by giving vent to it, he
suppressed his feelings and submitted to be sworn at once.

'Now,' said Fang, 'what's the charge against this boy? What
have you got to say, sir?'

'I was standing at a bookstall--' Mr. Brownlow began.

'Hold your tongue, sir,' said Mr. Fang. 'Policeman! Where's
the policeman? Here, swear this policeman. Now, policeman, what is
this?'

The policeman, with becoming humility, related how he had taken
the charge; how he had searched Oliver, and found nothing on his
person; and how that was all he knew about it.

'Are there any witnesses?' inquired Mr. Fang.

'None, your worship,' replied the policeman.

Mr. Fang sat silent for some minutes, and then, turning round to
the prosecutor, said in a towering passion.

'Do you mean to state what your complaint against this boy is,
man, or do you not? You have been sworn. Now, if you stand there,
refusing to give evidence, I'll punish you for disrespect to the
bench; I will, by--'

By what, or by whom, nobody knows, for the clerk and jailor
coughed very loud, just at the right moment; and the former dropped a
heavy book upon the floor, thus preventing the word from being
heard--accidently, of course.

With many interruptions, and repeated insults, Mr. Brownlow
contrived to state his case; observing that, in the surprise of the
moment, he had run after the boy because he had saw him running away;
and expressing his hope that, if the magistrate should believe him,
although not actually the thief, to be connected with the thieves, he
would deal as leniently with him as justice would allow.

'He has been hurt already,' said the old gentleman in
conclusion.

'And I fear,' he added, with great energy, looking towards the
bar, 'I really fear that he is ill.'

'Oh! yes, I dare say!' said Mr. Fang, with a sneer. 'Come, none
of your tricks here, you young vagabond; they won't do. What's your
name?'

Oliver tried to reply but his tongue failed him. He was deadly
pale; and the whole place seemed turning round and round.

'What's your name, you hardened scoundrel?' demanded Mr. Fang.
'Officer, what's his name?'

This was addressed to a bluff old fellow, in a striped
waistcoat, who was standing by the bar. He bent over Oliver, and
repeated the inquiry; but finding him really incapable of
understanding the question; and knowing that his not replying would
only infuriate the magistrate the more, and add to the severity of
his sentence; he hazarded a guess.

'He says his name's Tom White, your worship,' said the
kind-hearted thief-taker.

'Oh, he won't speak out, won't he?' said Fang. 'Very well, very
well. Where does he live?'

'Where he can, your worship,' replied the officer; again
pretending to receive Oliver's answer.

'Has he any parents?' inquired Mr. Fang.

'He says they died in his infancy, your worship,' replied the
officer: hazarding the usual reply.

At this point of the inquiry, Oliver raised his head; and,
looking round with imploring eyes, murmured a feeble prayer for a
draught of water.

'Stuff and nonsense!' said Mr. Fang: 'don't try to make a fool
of me.'

'I think he really is ill, your worship,' remonstrated the
officer.

'I know better,' said Mr. Fang.

'Take care of him, officer,' said the old gentleman, raising his
hands instinctively; 'he'll fall down.'

'Stand away, officer,' cried Fang; 'let him, if he likes.'

Oliver availed himself of the kind permission, and fell to the
floor in a fainting fit. The men in the office looked at each other,
but no one dared to stir.

'I knew he was shamming,' said Fang, as if this were
incontestable proof of the fact. 'Let him lie there; he'll soon be
tired of that.'

'How do you propose to deal with the case, sir?' inquired the
clerk in a low voice.

'Summarily,' replied Mr. Fang. 'He stands committed for three
months--hard labour of course. Clear the office.'

The door was opened for this purpose, and a couple of men were
preparing to carry the insensible boy to his cell; when an elderly
man of decent but poor appearance, clad in an old suit of black,
rushed hastily into the office, and advanced towards the bench.

'Stop, stop! don't take him away! For Heaven's sake stop a
moment!' cried the new comer, breathless with haste.

Although the presiding Genii in such an office as this, exercise
a summary and arbitrary power over the liberties, the good name, the
character, almost the lives, of Her Majesty's subjects, expecially of
the poorer class; and although, within such walls, enough fantastic
tricks are daily played to make the angels blind with weeping; they
are closed to the public, save through the medium of the daily
press.(Footnote: Or were virtually, then.) Mr. Fang was
consequently not a little indignant to see an unbidden guest enter in
such irreverent disorder.

'What is this? Who is this? Turn this man out. Clear the
office!' cried Mr. Fang.

'I will speak,' cried the man; 'I will not be turned out. I saw
it all. I keep the book-stall. I demand to be sworn. I will not be
put down. Mr. Fang, you must hear me. You must not refuse, sir.'

The man was right. His manner was determined; and the matter
was growing rather too serious to be hushed up.

'Swear the man,' growled Mr. Fang. with a very ill grace. 'Now,
man, what have you got to say?'

'This,' said the man: 'I saw three boys: two others and the
prisoner here: loitering on the opposite side of the way, when this
gentleman was reading. The robbery was committed by another boy. I
saw it done; and I saw that this boy was perfectly amazed and
stupified by it.' Having by this time recovered a little breath, the
worthy book-stall keeper proceeded to relate, in a more coherent
manner the exact circumstances of the robbery.

'Why didn't you come here before?' said Fang, after a pause.

'I hadn't a soul to mind the shop,' replied the man. 'Everybody
who could have helped me, had joined in the pursuit. I could get
nobody till five minutes ago; and I've run here all the way.'

'The prosecutor was reading, was he?' inquired Fang, after
another pause.

'Yes,' replied the man. 'The very book he has in his hand.'

'Oh, that book, eh?' said Fang. 'Is it paid for?'

'No, it is not,' replied the man, with a smile.

'Dear me, I forgot all about it!' exclaimed the absent old
gentleman, innocently.

'A nice person to prefer a charge against a poor boy!' said
Fang, with a comical effort to look humane. 'I consider, sir, that
you have obtained possession of that book, under very suspicious and
disreputable circumstances; and you may think yourself very fortunate
that the owner of the property declines to prosecute. Let this be a
lesson to you, my man, or the law will overtake you yet. The boy is
discharged. Clear the office!'

'D--n me!' cried the old gentleman, bursting out with the rage
he had kept down so long, 'd--n me! I'll--'

'Clear the office!' said the magistrate. 'Officers, do you
hear?

Clear the office!'

The mandate was obeyed; and the indignant Mr. Brownlow was
conveyed out, with the book in one hand, and the bamboo cane in the
other: in a perfect phrenzy of rage and defiance. He reached the
yard; and his passion vanished in a moment. Little Oliver Twist lay
on his back on the pavement, with his shirt unbuttoned, and his
temples bathed with water; his face a deadly white; and a cold
tremble convulsing his whole frame.

'Poor boy, poor boy!' said Mr. Brownlow, bending over him. 'Call
a coach, somebody, pray. Directly!'

A coach was obtained, and Oliver having been carefully laid on
the seat, the old gentleman got in and sat himself on the other.

'May I accompany you?' said the book-stall keeper, looking
in.

'Bless me, yes, my dear sir,' said Mr. Brownlow quickly. 'I
forgot you. Dear, dear! I have this unhappy book still! Jump in.
Poor fellow! There's no time to lose.'

The book-stall keeper got into the coach; and away they
drove.