Chapter VIII

Oliver Twist

by Charles Dickens

Oliver Walks to London. He Encounters on the Road a Strange Sort
of Young Gentleman

Oliver reached the stile at which the by-path terminated; and
once more gained the high-road. It was eight o'clock now. Though he
was nearly five miles away from the town, he ran, and hid behind the
hedges, by turns, till noon: fearing that he might be pursued and
overtaken. Then he sat down to rest by the side of the milestone,
and began to think, for the first time, where he had better go and
try to live.

The stone by which he was seated, bore, in large characters, an
intimation that it was just seventy miles from that spot to London.
The name awakened a new train of ideas in the boy's mind.

London!--that great place!--nobody--not even Mr. Bumble--could
ever find him there! He had often heard the old men in the
workhouse, too, say that no lad of spirit need want in London; and
that there were ways of living in that vast city, which those who had
been bred up in country parts had no idea of. It was the very place
for a homeless boy, who must die in the streets unless some one
helped him. As these things passed through his thoughts, he jumped
upon his feet, and again walked forward.

He had diminished the distance between himself and London by
full four miles more, before he recollected how much he must undergo
ere he could hope to reach his place of destination. As this
consideration forced itself upon him, he slackened his pace a little,
and meditated upon his means of getting there. He had a crust of
bread, a coarse shirt, and two pairs of stockings, in his bundle. He
had a penny too--a gift of Sowerberry's after some funeral in which
he had acquitted himself more than ordinarily well--in his pocket. 'A
clean shirt,' thought Oliver, 'is a very comfortable thing; and so
are two pairs of darned stockings; and so is a penny; but they small
helps to a sixty-five miles' walk in winter time.' But Oliver's
thoughts, like those of most other people, although they were
extremely ready and active to point out his difficulties, were wholly
at a loss to suggest any feasible mode of surmounting them; so, after
a good deal of thinking to no particular purpose, he changed his
little bundle over to the other shoulder, and trudged on.

Oliver walked twenty miles that day; and all that time tasted
nothing but the crust of dry bread, and a few draughts of water,
which he begged at the cottage-doors by the road-side. When the
night came, he turned into a meadow; and, creeping close under a
hay-rick, determined to lie there, till morning. He felt frightened
at first, for the wind moaned dismally over the empty fields: and he
was cold and hungry, and more alone than he had ever felt before.
Being very tired with his walk, however, he soon fell asleep and
forgot his troubles.

He felt cold and stiff, when he got up next morning, and so
hungry that he was obliged to exchange the penny for a small loaf, in
the very first village through which he passed. He had walked no
more than twelve miles, when night closed in again. His feet were
sore, and his legs so weak that they trembled beneath him. Another
night passed in the bleak damp air, made him worse; when he set
forward on his journey next morning he could hardly crawl along.

He waited at the bottom of a steep hill till a stage-coach came
up, and then begged of the outside passengers; but there were very
few who took any notice of him: and even those told him to wait till
they got to the top of the hill, and then let them see how far he
could run for a halfpenny. Poor Oliver tried to keep up with the
coach a little way, but was unable to do it, by reason of his fatigue
and sore feet. When the outsides saw this, they put their halfpence
back into their pockets again, declaring that he was an idle young
dog, and didn't deserve anything; and the coach rattled away and left
only a cloud of dust behind.

In some villages, large painted boards were fixed up: warning
all persons who begged within the district, that they would be sent
to jail. This frightened Oliver very much, and made him glad to get
out of those villages with all possible expedition. In others, he
would stand about the inn-yards, and look mournfully at every one who
passed: a proceeding which generally terminated in the landlady's
ordering one of the post-boys who were lounging about, to drive that
strange boy out of the place, for she was sure he had come to steal
something. If he begged at a farmer's house, ten to one but they
threatened to set the dog on him; and when he showed his nose in a
shop, they talked about the beadle--which brought Oliver's heart into
his mouth,--very often the only thing he had there, for many hours
together.

In fact, if it had not been for a good-hearted turnpike-man, and
a benevolent old lady, Oliver's troubles would have been shortened by
the very same process which had put an end to his mother's; in other
words, he would most assuredly have fallen dead upon the king's
highway. But the turnpike-man gave him a meal of bread and cheese;
and the old lady, who had a shipwrecked grandson wandering barefoot
in some distant part of the earth, took pity upon the poor orphan,
and gave him what little she could afford--and more--with such kind
and gently words, and such tears of sympathy and compassion, that
they sank deeper into Oliver's soul, than all the sufferings he had
ever undergone.

Early on the seventh morning after he had left his native place,
Oliver limped slowly into the little town of Barnet. The
window-shutters were closed; the street was empty; not a soul had
awakened to the business of the day. The sun was rising in all its
splendid beauty; but the light only served to show the boy his own
lonesomeness and desolation, as he sat, with bleeding feet and
covered with dust, upon a door-step.

By degrees, the shutters were opened; the window-blinds were
drawn up; and people began passing to and fro. Some few stopped to
gaze at Oliver for a moment or two, or turned round to stare at him
as they hurried by; but none relieved him, or troubled themselves to
inquire how he came there. He had no heart to beg. And there he
sat.

He had been crouching on the step for some time: wondering at
the great number of public-houses (every other house in Barnet was a
tavern, large or small), gazing listlessly at the coaches as they
passed through, and thinking how strange it seemed that they could
do, with ease, in a few hours, what it had taken him a whole week of
courage and determination beyond his years to accomplish: when he
was roused by observing that a boy, who had passed him carelessly
some minutes before, had returned, and was now surveying him most
earnestly from the opposite side of the way. He took little heed of
this at first; but the boy remained in the same attitude of close
observation so long, that Oliver raised his head, and returned his
steady look. Upon this, the boy crossed over; and walking close up
to Oliver, said

'Hullo, my covey! What's the row?'

The boy who addressed this inquiry to the young wayfarer, was
about his own age: but one of the queerest looking boys that Oliver
had even seen. He was a snub-nosed, flat-browed, common-faced boy
enough; and as dirty a juvenile as one would wish to see; but he had
about him all the airs and manners of a man. He was short of his
age: with rather bow-legs, and little, sharp, ugly eyes. His hat
was stuck on the top of his head so lightly, that it threatened to
fall off every moment--and would have done so, very often, if the
wearer had not had a knack of every now and then giving his head a
sudden twitch, which brought it back to its old place again. He wore
a man's coat, which reached nearly to his heels. He had turned the
cuffs back, half-way up his arm, to get his hands out of the sleeves:
apparently with the ultimated view of thrusting them into the pockets
of his corduroy trousers; for there he kept them. He was,
altogether, as roystering and swaggering a young gentleman as ever
stood four feet six, or something less, in the bluchers.

'Hullo, my covey! What's the row?' said this strange young
gentleman to Oliver.

'I am very hungry and tired,' replied Oliver: the tears
standing in his eyes as he spoke. 'I have walked a long way. I have
been walking these seven days.'

'Walking for sivin days!' said the young gentleman. 'Oh, I see.
Beak's order, eh? But,' he added, noticing Oliver's look of
surprise, 'I suppose you don't know what a beak is, my flash
com-pan-i-on.'

Oliver mildly replied, that he had always heard a bird's mouth
described by the term in question.

'My eyes, how green!' exclaimed the young gentleman. 'Why, a
beak's a madgst'rate; and when you walk by a beak's order, it's not
straight forerd, but always agoing up, and niver a coming down agin.
Was you never on the mill?'

'What mill?' inquired Oliver.

'What mill! Why, the mill--the mill as takes up so little room
that it'll work inside a Stone Jug; and always goes better when the
wind's low with people, than when it's high; acos then they can't get
workmen. But come,' said the young gentleman; 'you want grub, and
you shall have it. I'm at low-water-mark myself--only one bob and a
magpie; but, as far as it goes, I'll fork out and stump. Up with you
on your pins. There! Now then!

Morrice!'

Assisting Oliver to rise, the young gentleman took him to an
adjacent chandler's shop, where he purchased a sufficiency of
ready-dressed ham and a half-quartern loaf, or, as he himself
expressed it, 'a fourpenny bran!' the ham being kept clean and
preserved from dust, by the ingenious expedient of making a hole in
the loaf by pulling out a portion of the crumb, and stuffing it
therein. Taking the bread under his arm, the young gentlman turned
into a small public-house, and led the way to a tap-room in the rear
of the premises. Here, a pot of beer was brought in, by direction of
the mysterious youth; and Oliver, falling to, at his new friend's
bidding, made a long and hearty meal, during the progress of which
the strange boy eyed him from time to time with great attention.

'Going to London?' said the strange boy, when Oliver had at
length concluded.

'Yes.'

'Got any lodgings?'

'No.'

'Money?'

'No.'

The strange boy whistled; and put his arms into his pockets, as
far as the big coat-sleeves would let them go.

'Do you live in London?' inquired Oliver.

'Yes. I do, when I'm at home,' replied the boy. 'I suppose you
want some place to sleep in to-night, don't you?'

'I do, indeed,' answered Oliver. 'I have not slept under a roof
since I left the country.'

'Don't fret your eyelids on that score.' said the young
gentleman. 'I've got to be in London to-night; and I know a
'spectable old gentleman as lives there, wot'll give you lodgings for
nothink, and never ask for the change--that is, if any genelman he
knows interduces you. And don't he know me? Oh, no!

Not in the least! By no means. Certainly not!'

The young gentelman smiled, as if to intimate that the latter
fragments of discourse were playfully ironical; and finished the beer
as he did so.

This unexpected offer of shelter was too tempting to be
resisted; especially as it was immediately followed up, by the
assurance that the old gentleman referred to, would doubtless provide
Oliver with a comfortable place, without loss of time. This led to a
more friendly and confidential dialogue; from which Oliver discovered
that his friend's name was Jack Dawkins, and that he was a peculiar
pet and protege of the elderly gentleman before mentioned.

Mr. Dawkin's appearance did not say a vast deal in favour of the
comforts which his patron's interest obtained for those whom he took
under his protection; but, as he had a rather flightly and dissolute
mode of conversing, and furthermore avowed that among his intimate
friends he was better known by the sobriquet of 'The Artful Dodger,'
Oliver concluded that, being of a dissipated and careless turn, the
moral precepts of his benefactor had hitherto been thrown away upon
him. Under this impression, he secretly resolved to cultivate the
good opinion of the old gentleman as quickly as possible; and, if he
found the Dodger incorrigible, as he more than half suspected he
should, to decline the honour of his farther acquaintance.

As John Dawkins objected to their entering London before
nightfall, it was nearly eleven o'clock when they reached the
turnpike at Islington. They crossed from the Angel into St. John's
Road; struck down the small street which terminates at Sadler's Wells
Theatre; through Exmouth Street and Coppice Row; down the little
court by the side of the workhouse; across the classic ground which
once bore the name of Hockley-in-the-Hole; thence into Little Saffron
Hill; and so into Saffron Hill the Great: along which the Dodger
scudded at a rapid pace, directing Oliver to follow close at his
heels.

Although Oliver had enough to occupy his attention in keeping
sight of his leader, he could not help bestowing a few hasty glances
on either side of the way, as he passed along. A dirtier or more
wretched place he had never seen. The street was very narrow and
muddy, and the air was impregnated with filthy odours.

There were a good many small shops; but the only stock in trade
appeared to be heaps of children, who, even at that time of night,
were crawling in and out at the doors, or screaming from the inside.
The sole places that seemed to prosper amid the general blight of the
place, were the public-houses; and in them, the lowest orders of
Irish were wrangling with might and main. Covered ways and yards,
which here and there diverged from the main street, disclosed little
knots of houses, where drunken men and women were positively
wallowing in filth; and from several of the door-ways, great
ill-looking fellows were cautiously emerging, bound, to all
appearance, on no very well-disposed or harmless errands.

Oliver was just considering whether he hadn't better run away,
when they reached the bottom of the hill. His conductor, catching
him by the arm, pushed open the door of a house near Field Lane; and
drawing him into the passage, closed it behind them.

'Now, then!' cried a voice from below, in reply to a whistle
from the Dodger.

'Plummy and slam!' was the reply.

This seemed to be some watchword or signal that all was right;
for the light of a feeble candle gleamed on the wall at the remote
end of the passage; and a man's face peeped out, from where a
balustrade of the old kitchen staircase had been broken away.

'There's two on you,' said the man, thrusting the candle farther
out, and shielding his eyes with his hand. 'Who's the t'other
one?'

'A new pal,' replied Jack Dawkins, pulling Oliver forward.

'Where did he come from?'

'Greenland. Is Fagin upstairs?'

'Yes, he's a sortin' the wipes. Up with you!' The candle was
drawn back, and the face disappeared.

Oliver, groping his way with one hand, and having the other
firmly grasped by his companion, ascended with much difficulty the
dark and broken stairs: which his conductor mounted with an ease and
expedition that showed he was well acquainted with them.

He threw open the door of a back-room, and drew Oliver in after
him.

The walls and ceiling of the room were perfectly black with age
and dirt. There was a deal table before the fire: upon which were a
candle, stuck in a ginger-beer bottle, two or three pewter pots, a
loaf and butter, and a plate. In a frying-pan, which was on the
fire, and which was secured to the mantelshelf by a string, some
sausages were cooking; and standing over them, with a toasting-fork
in his hand, was a very old shrivelled Jew, whose villainous-looking
and repulsive face was obscured by a quantity of matted red hair. He
was dressed in a greasy flannel gown, with his throat bare; and
seemed to be dividing his attention between the frying-pan and the
clothes-horse, over which a great number of silk handkerchiefsl were
hanging. Several rough beds made of old sacks, were huddled side by
side on the floor. Seated round the table were four or five boys,
none older than the Dodger, smoking long clay pipes, and drinking
spirits with the air of middle-aged men. These all crowded about
their associate as he whispered a few words to the Jew; and then
turned round and grinned at Oliver. So did the Jew himself,
toasting-fork in hand.

'This is him, Fagin,' said Jack Dawkins; 'my friend Oliver
Twist.'

The Jew grinned; and, making a low obeisance to Oliver, took him
by the hand, and hoped he should have the honour of his intimate
acquaintance. Upon this, the young gentleman with the pipes came
round him, and shook both his hands very hard--especially the one in
which he held his little bundle. One young gentleman was very
anxious to hang up his cap for him; and another was so obliging as to
put his hands in his pockets, in order that, as he was very tired, he
might not have the trouble of emptying them, himself, when he went to
bed. These civilities would probably be extended much farther, but
for a liberal exercise of the Jew's toasting-fork on the heads and
shoulders of the affectionate youths who offered them.

'We are very glad to see you, Oliver, very,' said the Jew.
'Dodger, take off the sausages; and draw a tub near the fire for
Oliver. Ah, you're a-staring at the pocket-handkerchiefs! eh, my
dear. There are a good many of 'em, ain't there? We've just looked
'em out, ready for the wash; that's all, Oliver; that's all. Ha! ha!
ha!'

The latter part of this speech, was hailed by a boisterous shout
from all the hopeful pupils of the merry old gentleman. In the midst
of which they went to supper.

Oliver ate his share, and the Jew then mixed him a glass of hot
gin-and-water: telling him he must drink it off directly, because
another gentleman wanted the tumbler. Oliver did as he was desired.
Immediately afterwards he felt himself gently lifted on to one of the
sacks; and then he sunk into a deep sleep.