Chapter V

Oliver Twist

by Charles Dickens

Oliver Mingles With New Associates. Going to a Funeral for the
First Time, He Forms An Unfavourable Notion of His Master's
Business

Oliver, being left to himself in the undertaker's shop, set the
lamp down on a workman's bench, and gazed timidly about him with a
feeling of awe and dread, which many people a good deal older than he
will be at no loss to understand. An unfinished coffin on black
tressels, which stood in the middle of the shop, looked so gloomy and
death-like that a cold tremble came over him, every time his eyes
wandered in the direction of the dismal object: from which he almost
expected to see some frightful form slowly rear its head, to drive
him mad with terror. Against the wall were ranged, in regular array,
a long row of elm boards cut in the same shape: looking in the dim
light, like high-shouldered ghosts with their hands in their breeches
pockets. Coffin-plates, elm-chips, bright-headed nails, and shreds
of black cloth, lay scattered on the floor; and the wall behind the
counter was ornamented with a lively representation of two mutes in
very stiff neckcloths, on duty at a large private door, with a hearse
drawn by four black steeds, approaching in the distance. The shop
was close and hot. The atmosphere seemed tainted with the smell of
coffins. The recess beneath the counter in which his flock mattress
was thrust, looked like a grave.

Nor were these the only dismal feelings which depressed Oliver.
He was alone in a strange place; and we all know how chilled and
desolate the best of us will sometimes feel in such a situation. The
boy had no friends to care for, or to care for him. The regret of no
recent separation was fresh in his mind; the absence of no loved and
well-remembered face sank heavily into his heart.

But his heart was heavy, notwithstanding; and he wished, as he
crept into his narrow bed, that that were his coffin, and that he
could be lain in a calm and lasting sleep in the churchyard ground,
with the tall grass waving gently above his head, and the sound of
the old deep bell to soothe him in his sleep.

Oliver was awakened in the morning, by a loud kicking at the
outside of the shop-door: which, before he could huddle on his
clothes, was repeated, in an angry and impetuous manner, about
twenty-five times. When he began to undo the chain, the legs
desisted, and a voice began.

'Open the door, will yer?' cried the voice which belonged to the
legs which had kicked at the door.

'I will, directly, sir,' replied Oliver: undoing the chain, and
turning the key.

'I suppose yer the new boy, ain't yer?' said the voice through
the key-hole.

'Yes, sir,' replied Oliver.

'How old are yer?' inquired the voice.

'Ten, sir,' replied Oliver.

'Then I'll whop yer when I get in,' said the voice; 'you just
see if I don't, that's all, my work'us brat!' and having made this
obliging promise, the voice began to whistle.

Oliver had been too often subjected to the process to which the
very expressive monosyllable just recorded bears reference, to
entertain the smallest doubt that the owner of the voice, whoever he
might be, would redeem his pledge, most honourably. He drew back the
bolts with a trembling hand, and opened the door.

For a second or two, Oliver glanced up the street, and down the
street, and over the way: impressed with the belief that the
unknown, who had addressed him through the key-hole, had walked a few
paces off, to warm himself; for nobody did he see but a big
charity-boy, sitting on a post in front of the house, eating a slice
of bread and butter: which he cut into wedges, the size of his
mouth, with a clasp-knife, and then consumed with great dexterity.

'I beg your pardon, sir,' said Oliver at length: seeing that no
other visitor made his appearance; 'did you knock?'

'I kicked,' replied the charity-boy.

'Did you want a coffin, sir?' inquired Oliver, innocently.

At this, the charity-boy looked monstrous fierce; and said that
Oliver would want one before long, if he cut jokes with his superiors
in that way.

'Yer don't know who I am, I suppose, Work'us?' said the
charity-boy, in continuation: descending from the top of the post,
meanwhile, with edifying gravity.

'No, sir,' rejoined Oliver.

'I'm Mister Noah Claypole,' said the charity-boy, 'and you're
under me. Take down the shutters, yer idle young ruffian!' With
this, Mr. Claypole administered a kick to Oliver, and entered the
shop with a dignified air, which did him great credit. It is
difficult for a large-headed, small-eyed youth, of lumbering make and
heavy countenance, to look dignified under any circumstances; but it
is more especially so, when superadded to these personal attractions
are a red nose and yellow smalls.

Oliver, having taken down the shutters, and broken a pane of
glass in his effort to stagger away beneath the weight of the first
one to a small court at the side of the house in which they were kept
during the day, was graciously assisted by Noah: who having consoled
him with the assurance that 'he'd catch it,' condescended to help
him. Mr. Sowerberry came down soon after. Shortly afterwards, Mrs.
Sowerberry appeared. Oliver having 'caught it,' in fulfilment of
Noah's prediction, followed that young gentleman down the stairs to
breakfast.

'Come near the fire, Noah,' said Charlotte. 'I saved a nice
little bit of bacon for you from master's breakfast. Oliver, shut
that door at Mister Noah's back, and take them bits that I've put out
on the cover of the bread-pan. There's your tea; take it away to
that box, and drink it there, and make haste, for they'll want you to
mind the shop. D'ye hear?'

'D'ye hear, Work'us?' said Noah Claypole.

'Lor, Noah!' said Charlotte, 'what a rum creature you are! Why
don't you let the boy alone?'

'Let him alone!' said Noah. 'Why everybody lets him alone
enough, for the matter of that. Neither his father nor his mother
will ever interfere with him. All his relations let him have his own
way pretty well. Eh, Charlotte? He! he! he!'

'Oh, you queer soul!' said Charlotte, bursting into a hearty
laugh, in which she was joined by Noah; after which they both looked
scornfully at poor Oliver Twist, as he sat shivering on the box in
the coldest corner of the room, and ate the stale pieces which had
been specially reserved for him.

Noah was a charity-boy, but not a workhouse orphan. No
chance-child was he, for he could trace his genealogy all the way
back to his parents, who lived hard by; his mother being a
washerwoman, and his father a drunken soldier, discharged with a
wooden leg, and a diurnal pension of twopence-halfpenny and an
unstateable fraction. The shop-boys in the neighbourhood had long
been in the habit of branding Noah in the public streets, with the
ignominious epithets of 'leathers,' 'charity,' and the like; and Noah
had bourne them without reply. But, now that fortune had cast in his
way a nameless orphan, at whom even the meanest could point the
finger of scorn, he retorted on him with interest. This affords
charming food for contemplation. It shows us what a beautiful thing
human nature may be made to be; and how impartially the same amiable
qualities are developed in the finest lord and the dirtiest
charity-boy.

Oliver had been sojourning at the undertaker's some three weeks
or a month. Mr. and Mrs. Sowerberry--the shop being shut up--were
taking their supper in the little back-parlour, when Mr. Sowerberry,
after several deferential glances at his wife, said,

'My dear--' He was going to say more; but, Mrs. Sowerberry
looking up, with a peculiarly unpropitious aspect, he stopped
short.

'Well,' said Mrs. Sowerberry, sharply.

'Nothing, my dear, nothing,' said Mr. Sowerberry.

'Ugh, you brute!' said Mrs. Sowerberry.

'Not at all, my dear,' said Mr. Sowerberry humbly. 'I thought
you didn't want to hear, my dear. I was only going to say--'

'Oh, don't tell me what you were going to say,' interposed Mrs.
Sowerberry. 'I am nobody; don't consult me, pray. _I_ don't want to
intrude upon your secrets.' As Mrs. Sowerberry said this, she gave
an hysterical laugh, which threatened violent consequences.

'But, my dear,' said Sowerberry, 'I want to ask your advice.'

'No, no, don't ask mine,' replied Mrs. Sowerberry, in an
affecting manner: 'ask somebody else's.' Here, there was another
hysterical laugh, which frightened Mr. Sowerberry very much. This is
a very common and much-approved matrimonial course of treatment,
which is often very effective It at once reduced Mr. Sowerberry to
begging, as a special favour, to be allowed to say what Mrs.
Sowerberry was most curious to hear. After a short duration, the
permission was most graciously conceded.

'It's only about young Twist, my dear,' said Mr. Sowerberry. 'A
very good-looking boy, that, my dear.'

'He need be, for he eats enough,' observed the lady.

'There's an expression of melancholy in his face, my dear,'
resumed Mr. Sowerberry, 'which is very interesting. He would make a
delightful mute, my love.'

Mrs. Sowerberry looked up with an expression of considerable
wonderment. Mr. Sowerberry remarked it and, without allowing time
for any observation on the good lady's part, proceeded.

'I don't mean a regular mute to attend grown-up people, my dear,
but only for children's practice. It would be very new to have a
mute in proportion, my dear. You may depend upon it, it would have a
superb effect.'

Mrs. Sowerberry, who had a good deal of taste in the undertaking
way, was much struck by the novelty of this idea; but, as it would
have been compromising her dignity to have said so, under existing
circumstances, she merely inquired, with much sharpness, why such an
obvious suggestion had not presented itself to her husband's mind
before? Mr. Sowerberry rightly construed this, as an acquiescence in
his proposition; it was speedily determined, therefore, that Oliver
should be at once initiated into the mysteries of the trade; and,
with this view, that he should accompany his master on the very next
occasion of his services being required.

The occasion was not long in coming. Half an hour after
breakfast next morning, Mr. Bumble entered the shop; and supporting
his cane against the counter, drew forth his large leathern
pocket-book: from which he selected a small scrap of paper, which he
handed over to Sowerberry.

'Aha!' said the undertaker, glancing over it with a lively
countenance; 'an order for a coffin, eh?'

'For a coffin first, and a porochial funeral afterwards,'
replied Mr. Bumble, fastening the strap of the leathern pocket-book:
which, like himself, was very corpulent.

'Bayton,' said the undertaker, looking from the scrap of paper
to Mr. Bumble. 'I never heard the name before.'

Bumble shook his head, as he replied, 'Obstinate people, Mr.
Sowerberry; very obstinate. Proud, too, I'm afraid, sir.'

'Proud, eh?' exclaimed Mr. Sowerberry with a sneer. 'Come,
that's too much.'

'Oh, it's sickening,' replied the beadle. 'Antimonial, Mr.
Sowerberry!'

'So it is,' asquiesced the undertaker.

'We only heard of the family the night before last,' said the
beadle; 'and we shouldn't have known anything about them, then, only
a woman who lodges in the same house made an application to the
porochial committee for them to send the porochial surgeon to see a
woman as was very bad. He had gone out to dinner; but his 'prentice
(which is a very clever lad) sent 'em some medicine in a
blacking-bottle, offhand.'

'Ah, there's promptness,' said the undertaker.

'Promptness, indeed!' replied the beadle. 'But what's the
consequence; what's the ungrateful behaviour of these rebels, sir?
Why, the husband sends back word that the medicine won't suit his
wife's complaint, and so she shan't take it--says she shan't take it,
sir! Good, strong, wholesome medicine, as was given with great
success to two Irish labourers and a coal-heaver, ony a week
before--sent 'em for nothing, with a blackin'-bottle in,--and he
sends back word that she shan't take it, sir!'

As the atrocity presented itself to Mr. Bumble's mind in full
force, he struck the counter sharply with his cane, and became
flushed with indignation.

'Well,' said the undertaker, 'I ne--ver--did--'

'Never did, sir!' ejaculated the beadle. 'No, nor nobody never
did; but now she's dead, we've got to bury her; and that's the
direction; and the sooner it's done, the better.'

Thus saying, Mr. Bumble put on his cocked hat wrong side first,
in a fever of parochial excietment; and flounced out of the shop.

'Why, he was so angry, Oliver, that he forgot even to ask after
you!' said Mr. Sowerberry, looking after the beadle as he strode down
the street.

'Yes, sir,' replied Oliver, who had carefully kept himself out
of sight, during the interview; and who was shaking from head to foot
at the mere recollection of the sound of Mr. Bumble's voice.

He needn't haven taken the trouble to shrink from Mr. Bumble's
glance, however; for that functionary, on whom the prediction of the
gentleman in the white waistcoat had made a very strong impression,
thought that now the undertaker had got Oliver upon trial the subject
was better avoided, until such time as he should be firmly bound for
seven years, and all danger of his being returned upon the hands of
the parish should be thus effectually and legally overcome.

'Well,' said Mr. Sowerberry, taking up his hat. 'the sooner
this job is done, the better. Noah, look after the shop. Oliver, put
on your cap, and come with me.' Oliver obeyed, and followed his
master on his professional mission.

They walked on, for some time, through the most crowded and
densely inhabited part of the town; and then, striking down a narrow
street more dirty and miserable than any they had yet passed through,
paused to look for the house which was the object of their search.
The houses on either side were high and large, but very old, and
tenanted by people of the poorest class: as their neglected
appearance would have sufficiently dentoed, without the concurrent
testimony afforded by the squalid looks of the few men and women who,
with folded arms and bodies half doubled, occasionally skulked along.
A great many of the tenements had shop-fronts; but these were fast
closed, and mouldering away; only the upper rooms being inhabited.
Some houses which had become insecure from age and decay, were
prevented from falling into the street, by huge beams of wood reared
against the walls, and firmly planted in the road; but even these
crazy dens seemed to have been selected as the nightly haunts of some
houseless wretches, for many of the rough boards which supplied the
place of door and window, were wrenched from their positions, to
afford an aperture wide enough for the passage of a human body. The
kennel was stagnant and filthy. The very rats, which here and there
lay putrefying in its rottenness, were hideous with famine.

There was neither knocker nor bell-handle at the open door where
Oliver and his master stopped; so, groping his way cautiously through
the dark passage, and bidding Oliver keep close to him and not be
afraid the undertaker mounted to the top of the first flight of
stairs. Stumbling against a door on the landing, he rapped at it
with his knuckles.

It was opened by a young girl of thirteen or fourteen. The
undertaker at once saw enough of what the room contained, to know it
was the apartment to which he had been directed. He stepped in;
Oliver followed him.

There was no fire in the room; but a man was crouching,
mechanically, over the empty stove. An old woman, too, had drawn a
low stool to the cold hearth, and was sitting beside him. There were
some ragged children in another corner; and in a small recess,
opposite the door, there lay upon the ground, something covered with
an old blanket. Oliver shuddered as he cast his eyes toward the
place, and crept involuntarily closer to his master; for though it
was covered up, the boy felt that it was a corpse.

The man's face was thin and very pale; his hair and beard were
grizzly; his eyes were blookshot. The old woman's face was wrinkled;
her two remaining teeth protruded over her under lip; and her eyes
were bright and piercing. Oliver was afriad to look at either her or
the man. They seemed so like the rats he had seen outside.

'Nobody shall go near her,' said the man, starting fiercely up,
as the undertaker approached the recess. 'Keep back! Damn you, keep
back, if you've a life to lose!'

'Nonsense, my good man,' said the undertaker, who was pretty
well used to misery in all its shapes. 'Nonsense!'

'I tell you,' said the man: clenching his hands, and stamping
furiously on the floor,--'I tell you I won't have her put into the
ground. She couldn't rest there. The worms would worry her--not eat
her--she is so worn away.'

The undertaker offered no reply to this raving; but producing a
tape from his pocket, knelt down for a moment by the side of the
body.

'Ah!' said the man: bursting into tears, and sinking on his
knees at the feet of the dead woman; 'kneel down, kneel down --kneel
round her, every one of you, and mark my words! I say she was
starved to death. I never knew how bad she was, till the fever came
upon her; and then her bones were starting through the skin. There
was neither fire nor candle; she died in the dark--in the dark! She
couldn't even see her children's faces, though we heard her gasping
out their names. I begged for her in the streets: and they sent me
to prison. When I came back, she was dying; and all the blood in my
heart has dried up, for they starved her to death. I swear it before
the God that saw it! They starved her!' He twined his hands in his
hair; and, with a loud scream, rolled grovelling upon the floor: his
eyes fixed, and the foam covering his lips.

The terrified children cried bitterly; but the old woman, who
had hitherto remained as quiet as if she had been wholly deaf to all
that passed, menaced them into silence. Having unloosened the cravat
of the man who still remained extended on the ground, she tottered
towards the undertaker.

'She was my daughter,' said the old woman, nodding her head in
the direction of the corpse; and speaking with an idiotic leer, more
ghastly than even the presence of death in such a place. 'Lord,
Lord! Well, it is strange that I who gave birth to her, and was a
woman then, should be alive and merry now, and she lying ther: so
cold and stiff! Lord, Lord!--to think of it; it's as good as a
play--as good as a play!'

As the wretched creature mumbled and chuckled in her hideous
merriment, the undertaker turned to go away.

'Stop, stop!' said the old woman in a loud whisper. 'Will she
be buried to-morrow, or next day, or to-night? I laid her out; and I
must walk, you know. Send me a large cloak: a good warm one: for it
is bitter cold. We should have cake and wine, too, before we go!
Never mind; send some bread--only a loaf of bread and a cup of water.
Shall we have some bread, dear?' she said eagerly:

catching at the undertaker's coat, as he once more moved towards
the door.

'Yes, yes,' said the undertaker,'of course. Anything you like!'
He disengaged himself from the old woman's grasp; and, drawing
Oliver after him, hurried away.

The next day, (the family having been meanwhile relieved with a
half-quartern loaf and a piece of cheese, left with them by Mr.
Bumble himself,) Oliver and his master returned to the miserable
abode; where Mr. Bumble had already arrived, accompanied by four men
from the workhouse, who were to act as bearers. An old black cloak
had been thrown over the rags of the old woman and the man; and the
bare coffin having been screwed down, was hoisted on the shoulders of
the bearers, and carried into the street.

'Now, you must put your best leg foremost, old lady!' whispered
Sowerberry in the old woman's ear; 'we are rather late; and it won't
do, to keep the clergyman waiting. Move on, my men,--as quick as you
like!'

Thus directed, the bearers trotted on under their light burden;
and the two mourners kept as near them, as they could. Mr. Bumble
and Sowerberry walked at a good smart pace in front; and Oliver,
whose legs were not so long as his master's, ran by the side.

There was not so great a necessity for hurrying as Mr.
Sowerberry had anticipated, however; for when they reached the
obscure corner of the churchyard in which the nettles grew, and where
the parish graves were made, the clergyman had not arrived; and the
clerk, who was sitting by the vestry-room fire, seemed to think it by
no means improbable that it might be an hour or so, before he came.
So, they put the bier on the brink of the grave; and the two mourners
waited patiently in the damp clay, with a cold rain drizzling down,
while the ragged boys whom the spectacle had attracted into the
churchyard played a noisy game at hide-and-seek among the tombstones,
or varied their amusements by jumping backwards and forwards over the
coffin. Mr. Sowerberry and Bumble, being personal friends of the
clerk, sat by the fire with him, and read the paper.

At length, after a lapse of something more than an hour, Mr.
Bumble, and Sowerberry, and the clerk, were seen running towards the
grave. Immediately afterwards, the clergyman appeared: putting on
his surplice as he came along. Mr. Bumble then thrashed a boy or
two, to keep up appearances; and the reverend gentleman, having read
as much of the burial service as could be compressed into four
minutes, gave his surplice to the clerk, and walked away again.

'Now, Bill!' said Sowerberry to the grave-digger. 'Fill up!'

It was no very difficult task, for the grave was so full, that
the uppermost coffin was within a few feet of the surface. The
grave-digger shovelled in the earth; stamped it loosely down with his
feet: shouldered his spade; and walked off, followed by the boys,
who murmured very loud complaints at the fun being over so soon.

'Come, my good fellow!' said Bumble, tapping the man on the
back.

'They want to shut up the yard.'

The man who had never once moved, since he had taken his station
by the grave side, started, raised his head, stared at the person who
had addressed him, walked forward for a few paces; and fell down in a
swoon. The crazy old woman was too much occupied in bewailing the
loss of her cloak (which the undertaker had taken off), to pay him
any attention; so they threw a can of cold water over him; and when
he came to, saw him safely out of the churchyard, locked the gate,
and departed on their different ways.

'Well, Oliver,' said Sowerberry, as they walked home, 'how do
you like it?'

'Pretty well, thank you, sir' replied Oliver, with considerable
hesitation. 'Not very much, sir.'

'Ah, you'll get used to it in time, Oliver,' said Sowerberry.
'Nothing when you are used to it, my boy.'

Oliver wondered, in his own mind, whether it had taken a very
long time to get Mr. Sowerberry used to it. But he thought it better
not to ask the question; and walked back to the shop: thinking over
all he had seen and heard.